The 2025 review by Cherniak and colleagues outlines the high prevalence and complex risks of substance use disorders (SUDs) during pregnancy, focusing on opioids, alcohol, and stimulants. The review highlights that nearly 1 in 3 pregnancies in North America are affected by substance use, emphasizing the significant maternal and fetal health risks associated with these substances, including increased rates of miscarriage, preterm birth, and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). It also outlines evidence-based management strategies, including non-pharmacological approaches like motivational interviewing and contingency management, alongside pharmacological options where appropriate, within trauma-informed, culturally safe care models.
Reflection For FASD Prevention Conversation Facilitators
This review underscores that substance use during pregnancy is more common than many realize and can significantly impact maternal and fetal health. It reinforces that effective support requires compassionate, non-judgmental, and trauma-informed approaches within care systems.
As FASD Prevention Conversation Facilitators, we can use these insights to help inform and guide professionals who work with women and pregnant individuals, emphasizing the importance of ongoing, supportive conversations about substance use. By sharing this knowledge, we can help reduce stigma, encourage safe disclosures, and support healthier outcomes for mothers and babies in our communities.