This research explored how reproductive coercion—when a partner tries to control someone’s reproductive choices—and intimate partner violence affect people who are pregnant or have recently been pregnant. The study included nearly 2,000 participants from across the United States and found that reproductive coercion is alarmingly common, with nearly one in four participants reporting experiences of it in the past two years.
The findings show that reproductive coercion is linked to a range of negative health outcomes. Participants who experienced reproductive coercion were more likely to have unplanned pregnancies, less access to prenatal care, and higher rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and postpartum depression. The effects were even more serious when reproductive coercion occurred alongside other forms of violence, such as emotional or physical abuse. For example, participants in these situations reported significantly higher rates of suicidal thoughts, even after accounting for existing depression or anxiety. These results highlight the urgent need for health care and social service providers to recognize reproductive coercion as a unique and harmful form of abuse that directly impacts pregnancy and mental health outcomes.
Reflection for FASD Prevention Conversation Facilitators
This research highlights a critical truth that’s important for our work as facilitators: not all pregnancies are planned or freely chosen. Reproductive coercion and partner violence can limit a person’s ability to make decisions about their reproductive health—including whether or when to become pregnant—and often intersect with substance use as a coping strategy.
As we provide training and professional development to professionals and community members, it’s essential to frame FASD prevention in a way that acknowledges these realities. Prevention conversations are not just about alcohol—they are about trust, autonomy, and understanding the broader context of people’s lives. When we help others see that, we move beyond stigma and toward compassionate, trauma-informed support that truly makes a difference.